🌐 Web Application Security

A01: Broken Access Control

Understanding and exploiting access control failures in web applications.

• Vertical privilege escalation
• Horizontal privilege escalation
• IDOR (Insecure Direct Object References)
• Missing function-level access controls

A02: Cryptographic Failures

Identifying and exploiting weak cryptographic implementations.

• Weak encryption algorithms
• Insufficient entropy
• Improper certificate validation
• Plaintext storage of sensitive data

A03: Injection Attacks

Comprehensive injection vulnerability exploitation techniques.

• SQL injection (Union, Boolean, Time-based)
• NoSQL injection
• Command injection
• LDAP and XPath injection

Manual SQL Injection

Hand-crafted SQL injection techniques for bypassing complex filters.

• Union-based data extraction
• Boolean-based blind injection
• Time-based blind injection
• Error-based information disclosure

Filter Bypass Techniques

Advanced methods for bypassing WAFs and input filters.

• Comment-based bypass
• Encoding and obfuscation
• Alternative syntax exploitation
• Second-order injection

Database-Specific Exploitation

Leveraging database-specific features for advanced exploitation.

• MySQL privilege escalation
• PostgreSQL code execution
• MSSQL xp_cmdshell abuse
• Oracle PL/SQL exploitation

Reflected XSS

Exploiting reflected XSS vulnerabilities for maximum impact.

• Payload construction and encoding
• Filter bypass techniques
• Browser-specific exploitation
• Social engineering integration

Stored XSS

Persistent XSS exploitation and payload development.

• Persistent payload injection
• Self-XSS to stored XSS escalation
• Administrative interface targeting
• Worm development concepts

DOM-based XSS

Client-side XSS exploitation in modern JavaScript applications.

• Source and sink identification
• JavaScript payload crafting
• Framework-specific vulnerabilities
• Mutation XSS (mXSS)

Authentication Bypass

Techniques for bypassing authentication mechanisms.

• Username enumeration
• Password policy analysis
• Multi-factor authentication bypass
• OAuth and SAML vulnerabilities

Session Management Attacks

Exploiting weaknesses in session handling mechanisms.

• Session fixation attacks
• Session hijacking techniques
• JWT token manipulation
• Cookie security analysis

Password Recovery Exploitation

Attacking password reset and recovery mechanisms.

• Token prediction and manipulation
• Race condition exploitation
• Security question bypass
• Email-based attack vectors

Cross-Site Request Forgery

CSRF attack development and exploitation techniques.

• CSRF token bypass methods
• SameSite cookie bypass
• JSON-based CSRF attacks
• File upload CSRF exploitation

Server-Side Request Forgery

SSRF exploitation for internal network access and data extraction.

• Internal service enumeration
• Cloud metadata exploitation
• File system access via SSRF
• Protocol smuggling techniques

Advanced SSRF Techniques

Sophisticated SSRF exploitation methods and bypass techniques.

• DNS rebinding attacks
• URL parsing confusion
• Gopher protocol exploitation
• Time-based SSRF

REST API Testing

Comprehensive REST API security assessment methodologies.

• API endpoint discovery
• Authentication mechanism analysis
• Rate limiting bypass
• API versioning vulnerabilities

GraphQL Security

GraphQL-specific vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques.

• Introspection query abuse
• Query depth and complexity attacks
• Field suggestion attacks
• Batch query exploitation

API Authentication

Testing various API authentication and authorization mechanisms.

• JWT token manipulation
• API key enumeration
• OAuth 2.0 flow vulnerabilities
• HMAC signature bypass

Proxy Tools

• Burp Suite: Professional web application security testing
• OWASP ZAP: Free security testing proxy
• Caido: Modern web security testing tool
• HTTP Toolkit: HTTP debugging and testing

Specialized Tools

• SQLMap: Automated SQL injection testing
• XSStrike: Advanced XSS detection suite
• Wfuzz: Web application fuzzer
• Arjun: HTTP parameter discovery

API Testing Tools

• Postman: API development and testing
• Insomnia: REST and GraphQL client
• GraphQL Voyager: GraphQL schema visualization
• Kiterunner: API endpoint discovery